Guide to Level 2 (Northern)

[essenbee]

S’mae pawb?

Here is the first in a series of posts to produce a guide to the new Level 2 (Northern) course. As always, please only refer to this guide after you have done the lessons!

Gwers 1
Vocabulary Introduced:
plant – children
eich plant – your children
rheina – those
ydy rheina…? – are those…?
maen nhw – they are
maen nhw’n edrych – they look
fel – like
llaw – hand
llond llaw – a handful
llond llaw go iawn – a real handful
ydyn nhw…? – are they…?
hen – old
pa mor hen…? – how old…?
yr hynaf – the oldest
deg / yn ddeg – ten
y llall – the other one
yr hogan – the girl
pump / yn bump – five
honna – that one (feminine)
hwnna – that one (masculine)

Examples:
Ai eich plant chi ydy rheina? – Are those your children? **
Maen nhw’n edrych fel llond llaw go iawn – They look like a real handful.
Pa mor hen ydyn nhw? – How old are they?
Mae’r hynaf yn ddeg ac mae’r llall yn bump – The oldest is 10 and the other one is 5.

** ai is an “interrogative particle” - a marker word that doesn’t translate - there to mark this as a focused question about a thing (your children in this case).

Gwers 2
Vocabulary Introduced:
yr hogyn – the boy
pymtheg / yn bymtheg – fifteen
oes gynnoch chi…? – Have you got…?
eich hunain – yourself
na, sgynnon ni ddim – No, we don’t have [nag oes, does gynnon ni ddim]
un hogyn – one boy
oes, mae gynnon ni… – Yes we have…
bywiog / yn fywiog – lively
dyna blant i chi – that’s children for you
fyddwn ni ddim isio – we wouldn’t want
nhw – them
gwahanol – different
yn wahanol o gwbl – any different (lit. different at all)

Examples:
Mae fy mrawd yn bymtheg – My brother is 15.
Oes gynnoch chi blant eich hunain? – Have you got children yourself?
Na, sgynnon ni ddim. Beth amdanoch chi? – No, we don’t have. What about you?
Oes, mae gynnon ni un hogan ac un hogyn – Yes, we have one girl and one boy.
Maen nhw’n fywiog ond dyna blant i chi, a fyddwn ni ddim isio nhw yn wahanol o gwbl – They’re lively but that’s children for you and we wouldn’t want them any different.

Hwyl,

Stu

[essenbee]

Gwers 3

Vocabulary Introduced:

dau /dwy – two
dwy hogan – two girls
yr ifancaf / y fenga – the youngest
ein plant ni – our children
tyfu – to grow
tyfu i fyny – to grow up
wedi tyfu i fyny – grown up
merch – daughter
yn ei hugeiniau – in her twenties
dach chi ddim yn edrych – you don’t look
dan ni ddim yn gweld – we don’t see
dydd / diwrnod – day
y dyddiau hyn – these days

Examples:
Mae gynnon ni ddwy hogan a dau hogyn, ac mae’r fenga’n bump – We’ve got two girls and two boys, and the youngest is 5.

Gwers 4

Vocabulary Introduced:

mab – son
yn ei dridegau– in his thirties
yn ei thridegau– in her thirties
yn ei ugeiniau - in his twenties
athro / athrawes – teacher
felly – so
maen nhw’n tyfu i fyny – they grow up
mor gyflym – so quickly
tydyn nhw? – don’t they?
mynd heibio – go past
hedfan – to fly
pan – when [as a statement]
pan oeddan nhw – when they were
dw i’n cofio – I remember

Hwyl,

Stu

[terrybailey]

Thanks for the clarification on the “ai”, Stu.

I remember it being a perticle to join 2 sentences. But its appearance at the start if the sentence threw me a bit.

[essenbee]

Gwers 5

Vocabulary Introduced:

oeddan nhw newydd ddechrau – they’d just started
yn yr ysgol – at school
ddoe – yesterday
fel tasai hi ddoe – as though it was yesterday
gweithio i’r Cyngor – to work for the Council
syniad – idea
y syniad diweddara – the latest idea
(y)dach chi wedi clywed? – have you heard?

Examples:

Do’n i ddim yn gwybod bo nhw newydd ddechrau gwylio’r pêldroed – I didn’t know that they’d just started to watch the football.
Dwi’n cofio pan oeddan nhw newydd ddechrau yn yr ysgol – I remember when they’d just started at school.
Dwi’n cofio’r amser fel tasai hi ddoe – I remember the time as though it was yesterday.
Mae gynnon ni fab yn ei dridegau sy’n gweithio i’r Cyngor – We’ve got a son in his thirties who works for the council.
Dach chi ‘di clywed y syniad diweddara? – Have you heard the latest idea?

Gwers 6

Vocabulary Introduced:

maen nhw isio – they want
beth ydyn nhw isio / be’ ‘dyn nhw isio – what do they want
mwy o amser – more time
treulio amser – to spend time
gweithio adre’ – working at home
cyfarfod fel grwp – meeting as a group
popeth – everything
bo’ ni’n gorffen – that we finish
gwneud yn siwr – to make sure
maen nhw’n dweud – they say

Examples:

Maen nhw’n dweud bod nhw isio treulio mwy o amser yn gweithio adre’ – They say that they want to spend more time working at home.
Be’ ‘dyn nhw isio clywed? – What do they want to hear?
Maen nhw isio gwneud yn siwr bo ni’n gorffen cymaint â phosib – They want to make sure that we finish as much as possible.
Oeddan nhw newydd ddechrau treulio mwy o amser yn yr ysgol – They’d just started to spend more time at school.
Fyddwn ni ddim isio treulio mwy o amser yn cyfarfod fel grwp – We wouldn’t want to spend more time meeting as a group.

[essenbee]

Gwers 7

Vocabulary Introduced:

llai o amser – less time
ni – us / we
maen nhw isio i ni dreulio llai o amser – they want us to spend less time
maen nhw isio i ni wneud yn siwr – they want us to make sure
mewn amser – in time
mewn pryd – in time
maen nhw’n meddwl – they think
dan ni angen – we need
bod ni angen – that we need
trafod – to discuss
rhai ni / ein rhai ni – ours

Examples

Maen nhw’n meddwl bo’ ni dal angen treulio llai o amser yn y dafarn - They think that we still need to spend less time in the pub.
Maen nhw isio i ni wneud yn siwr bo’ ni’n gorffen popeth mewn amser - They want us to make sure that we finish everything in time.
Mae well gen i rai ni - I prefer ours.

[essenbee]

Gwers 8

Vocabulary Introduced:

dan ni ddim yn gwybod – we don’t know
cyflawni – to achieve
maen nhw’n trio – they’re trying
agor – to open
bod yn agored – to be open
bod yn fwy agored – to be more open
dylen nhw – they ought to / they should
newid – to change (also ‘change’ as it money left over after paying for something)
roedd yn mynd / oedd yn mynd – it was going
be’ oedd yn mynd – what was going
oeddwn ni isio – we wanted

Examples:

Dylen nhw fod yn fwy agored efo ni - They ought to be more open with us.
Dan ni ddim yn dallt be’ maen nhw’n trio cyflawni - We don’t understand what they’re trying to achieve.
Dan ni dal isio gwybod be’ oedd yn mynd i ddigwydd ar y penwythnos - We still want to know what was going to happen at the weekend.

[essenbee]

Gwers 9

Vocabulary Introduced:

digwydd – to happen
be’ oedd yn digwydd – what was happening
esbonio – to explain
doeddan nhw ddim isio – they didn’t want
ddudon nhw wrthon ni – they told us
oeddan nhw isio – they wanted
gofyn am help – to ask for help
mwy o help – more help
dylen nhw ofyn am fwy o help – they should ask for more help
bydden ni’n licio – we’d like
doeddwn ni ddim yn gwybod – we didn’t know
nhw - them

Examples:

Fedri di esbonio be’ oedd yn digwydd? – Can you explain what was happening?
Ddudon ni wrthyn nhw y dylen nhw ofyn am help yn fwy aml – We told them that they should ask for help more often.

Gwers 10

Vocabulary Introduced:

oedden ni’n siarad – we were talking
oedden ni’n meddwl – we thought / we were thinking
oedden ni i gyd yn meddwl – we all thought
ffeindio – to find
fford – a way
fford well – a better way
dan i isio iddyn nhw dreulio – we want them to spend
dan ni isio iddyn nhw wneud yn siŵr – we want them to make sure

Examples:

Oeddwn ni i gyd yn meddwl y dylen nhw drio ffeindio ffordd well i wneud o – We all thought that they should try to find a better way to do it.
Oedden ni’ siarad efo rhywun yn y dafarn neithiwr sy’n gweithio efo dy frawd – We were talking with someone in the pub last night who works with your brother.
Dan ni isio iddyn nhw dreulio llai o amser yn yfed cwrw yn y dafarn – We want them to spend less time drinking beer in the pub.
Dan ni isio iddyn nhw wneud yn siŵr bo’ nhw’n gorffen y gwaith mewn amser – We want them to make sure that they finish the work in time.

[essenbee]

Gwers 11

Vocabulary Introduced:

teimlo - to feel
ti’n teimlo – you feel
gest ti…? – did you have…?
wnest ti wylio…? – did you watch…?
wnest ti ddarllen…? – did you read…?
be’ oeddet ti’n meddwl…? – what did you think…?
beth wyt ti’n mynd i wneud / be’ ti’n mynd i wneud? – what are you going to do?
dan ni’n mynd i wneud – we are going to do

Examples

Wnest ti wylio’r ffilm 'na ar y teledu ar y penwythnos? - Did you watch that film on the television at the weekend?
Be’ ti’n mynd i wneud am y broblem 'na yn y ysgol? - What are you going to do about that problem at school?
Yn y cyfamser, dan ni’n mynd i wneud rhywbeth defnyddiol - In the meantime, we are going to do something useful.