Hi all, I’m really enjoying learning Welsh using a mix of SSIW and DuoLingo (and other random sources). The obvious problem with using multiple sources is being taught slightly different things. That’s fine, i view it as fully building out my welsh vocabulary. One thing I am struggling with though, is remembering the right words for “did”, “had”, “got”, “made” etc for the different uses (I, you, he, she, they, we, Sioned etc). I.e. when do I use gafodd vs chaethoch vs gaethon vs cawson vs wnes etc etc. I just need to see them all written down somewhere can someone point me to such a spot!!! Does such a place exist….?
On a somewhat unrelated note, I have also bought myself some Welsh language books to assist me with my learning. Can anyone tell me why one of the books would have a picture of a pig in a bed on the front….? My dad is Welsh and has no idea why….!
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I’m afraid I don’t have time at the moment (I’m at work) to write them all out for you, but you could maybe have a look at the verb conjugator on Gweiadur and see if that helps?
https://www.gweiadur.com/welsh-verbs
Don’t know why it would be on the cover, but “cysgu fel mochyn” means to sleep soundly / sleeping like a log
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Well, three of those are conjugated forms of cael (to receive, to get) in the past, so let’s start with this (in the usual order of I, you, he/she, we, you, they):
Ces i, cest ti, caeth e/hi, caethon ni, caethoch chi, caethon nhw
Sometimes you will see these with a soft mutation, and gafodd from your list is an example of that – which is just a variant that some people use instead of caeth (or gaeth), so it’s 3rd person singular. Cawson is a variant of caethon (ni/nhw). Don’t worry too much about these…just learn to recognize them when someone else uses them, and when speaking just use the form that pops into your head first
Wnes comes from gwneud(to make, to do), it’s 1st person singular in the past tense, and here is the conjugation pattern: wnes i, wnest ti, wnaeth e/hi, wnaethon ni, wnaethoch chi, wnaethon nhw
(And especially for gwneud, it is really quite common to just “mutate away” the initial “g” even in positive statements).
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