Some of these are pretty context heavy, and won’t necessarily translate easily/melliflously…
Joseph lives (if you’re meaning it as ‘Hey, Joseph’s alive!’) - Mae Joseph yn fyw
Goldsmith - gof aur (although you could go for the less common eurych
‘and so under (as in proceed underground)’ - er, not sure I get that in English!
for the others, you might want someone who’s a bit more of a poet